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Open WellbeingWhat the studies actually measured

Cholesterol and blood fats

Astaxanthinand HDL cholesterol

Only one source here so far, and it measured higher HDL cholesterol.

How sure anyone can be

Low certainty, level 2 of 4

Further research is likely to change this.

The numbers reported

One source’s range, drawn against its own line of no difference and scaled to its own numbers.

0.3191.473 mg/dL2.627

This range stays on one side of the no-difference line.

Bar the confidence interval — the range the true effect is likely to sit inNotch the number the source reportedLine where there would be no difference at all

One source, newest first

What we read is the published abstract, not the full paper, so a blank below may still be printed in the paper itself. A fixed rule worked this out from the source’s own fields. Nobody checked this rating by hand.

  • Systematic review, 2020

    Low certainty, level 2 of 4

    The effects of astaxanthin supplementation on obesity, blood pressure, CRP, glycemic biomarkers, and lipid profile: A meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

    Pharmacol Res. 2020;161:105113. doi:10.1016/j.phrs.2020.105113. PMID:32755613.

    Number reported
    1.473 mg/dL
    Which way it went
    Higher
    Likely range
    0.319 to 2.627
    Source’s own words
    mg/dL HDL-C, weighted mean difference vs control
    Who was studied
    Adult
    Compared with
    placebo or control
    Amount taken
    Not in the abstract
    For how long
    Not in the abstract
    Disagreement between studies
    Not in the abstract
    Kind of record
    Journal article
    How this rating was reachedstarts at High, 2 steps down: risk of bias and imprecision
    1. Starts at High
    2. Risk of bias brought it down to Moderatethe abstract reports no risk-of-bias or quality appraisal, so study limitations cannot be ruled outNot in the abstract
    3. Imprecision brought it down to Lowthe abstract does not state how many participants were pooledNot in the abstract
    4. Ends at Low2 steps down.
    Checked, nothing to step it down for
    indirectness
    Inconsistency
    No disagreement reported, and no count of studies behind it

    Imprecision stops at the first check that applies; others may apply too.

    AI-reviewed & signed — an AI agent re-read this finding against the saved source and checked that the quote, the numbers, the units and the direction match it. No person read it. The owner authorised the agent to sign the batch with the owner's key, and every build rechecks that signature against these exact bytes.

    Read the abstract on PubMed

What is still missing from these readings

  • One do not say how many people took part.
  • Amount taken — Not in the abstract.
  • For how long — Not in the abstract.

Something nobody wrote down is never a zero and never a guess.

Still to read for Astaxanthin

Eight of the 17 things on our list for Astaxanthin have no reading here yet:

  • Diastolic blood pressure
  • Endurance Performance (Time to Exhaustion)
  • Fasting insulin
  • Heart Rate (Continuous)
  • Hemoglobin A1c
  • LDL cholesterol
  • Systolic blood pressure
  • Total cholesterol

Still to read means nobody here has got to it, not that it was tried and did nothing or that no research exists. A pairing on no list is not a gap: we never set out to read it.

Read next

This is a library, not advice. No recommendation, no dose, no diagnosis, no ranking. We never ask about your symptoms, and nothing here is tailored to you.