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Open WellbeingWhat the studies actually measured

Cholesterol and blood fats

L-Carnitineand Total cholesterol

Only one source here so far, and it measured lower total cholesterol.

How sure anyone can be

Moderate certainty, level 3 of 4

Further research may change this.

The numbers reported

One source’s range, drawn against its own line of no difference and scaled to its own numbers.

-13.23-9.47-5.7

This range stays on one side of the no-difference line.

Bar the confidence interval — the range the true effect is likely to sit inNotch the number the source reportedLine where there would be no difference at all

One source, newest first

What we read is the published abstract, not the full paper, so a blank below may still be printed in the paper itself. A fixed rule worked this out from the source’s own fields. Nobody checked this rating by hand.

  • Systematic review, 2019

    Moderate certainty, level 3 of 4

    The Effects of L-Carnitine Supplementation on Serum Lipids: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

    Curr Pharm Des. 2019;25(30):3266-3281. doi:10.2174/1381612825666190830154336. PMID:31470778.

    Number reported
    -9.47
    Which way it went
    Lower
    Likely range
    -13.23 to -5.7
    Source’s own words
    total cholesterol, weighted mean difference
    Who was studied
    Patients and healthy individuals
    Compared with
    not stated in the abstract
    Amount taken
    Not in the abstract
    For how long
    Not in the abstract
    Disagreement between studies
    Not in the abstract
    Kind of record
    Journal article
    How this rating was reachedstarts at High, one step down: imprecision
    1. Starts at High
    2. Imprecision brought it down to Moderatethe abstract does not state how many participants were pooledNot in the abstract
    3. Ends at ModerateOne step down.
    Checked, nothing to step it down for
    risk of bias and indirectness
    Inconsistency
    No disagreement reported, and no count of studies behind it

    Imprecision stops at the first check that applies; others may apply too.

    Source saved; quote checked byte-for-byte against it by software; no signature.

    Read the abstract on PubMed

What is still missing from these readings

  • One do not say how many people took part.
  • Amount taken — Not in the abstract.
  • For how long — Not in the abstract.

Something nobody wrote down is never a zero and never a guess.

Still to read for L-Carnitine

Eight of the 20 things on our list for L-Carnitine have no reading here yet:

  • Creatine Kinase (CK)
  • Fatigue
  • Muscle soreness
  • Muscular Endurance
  • Six-Minute Walk Test Distance
  • Sperm concentration
  • TMAO (trimethylamine-N-oxide)
  • Total carnitine (plasma)

Still to read means nobody here has got to it, not that it was tried and did nothing or that no research exists. A pairing on no list is not a gap: we never set out to read it.

Read next

This is a library, not advice. No recommendation, no dose, no diagnosis, no ranking. We never ask about your symptoms, and nothing here is tailored to you.